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Colon & Semicolon 冒号，分号以及其他符号

Colon 冒号​

linking function 连接功能：

  1. List 列表：We needed to find three items on the scavenger hunt : a four-leaf clover, a cauldron, and a abandoned ship.
  2. Items 项目：I only wanted one thing from the grocery store : peanuts.
  3. 引用：My friend Liz says it best: "Never open a jar of pickles you can't close"

Separator 作为分隔符：

  1. 标题： Bear Man: Adventures in Alaska
  2. 章节：1 Corinthians 13:4
  3. 时间 It is now 10:09 AM.

Semicolon 分号​

  1. 分割意思相近的两个独立的句子：I have a big test tomorrow; I can't go out tonight.
  2. 分割复杂的列表：
    1. I have lived in many cities: New York, NY; San Francisco, CA; and Knoxville, TN.
    2. I need to buy a textbook, a workbook, and a dictionary for Spanish; a calculator for math; and a map for geography.

Italic 斜体 & Underline 下划线​

这两者的作用是一样的：

  1. Emphasis 强调：I really want to go to the concert.
  2. Titles 标题：The book The Catcher in the Rye is a classic.

Quotation Marks 引号​

  1. 引用：My mom said, "You need to clean your room."
  2. 大项中的小项：Free Hand Album "On Reflection" is a great album.（Free Hand Album 是专辑名，On Reflection 是歌曲名）

注意：斜体和下划线用于大标题（书名、专辑名、电视节目名等），引号用于小标题（短篇故事、歌曲、电视节目片段）。

Parenthesis 括号​

作用：

  1. 额外信息：The cookie (which was still warm) was delicious.
  2. 引用信息：Paige says, "Oh no, a tiger!" (Finch, Life and Times, p. 38)
  3. 插入信息："Furthermore, (coughs) I must firmly state that."

Dash 破折号​

作用：

  1. Interrupt structure 中断结构：I ran to the bus stop -- but the bus had already driven away.
  2. Can act like parenthesis in pairs 可以像括号一样：The bug -- which landed on my nose -- had to be the size of a size of a softball.
  3. Used like a colon 像冒号一样：I have only ever wanted one thing -- SNACKS.
  4. Indicates interruption in speech 表示对话中的中断： "watch out for that--" WHAM.

Hyphen 连字符​

随着互联网的发展：on line -> on-line -> online

  • hyphenated compound words 由连字符连接的复合词：on-line
  • compound words 复合词： online

Ellipsis 省略号​

作用：

  1. Indicate a pause 表示停顿：I don't know... I just don't know.
  2. Shows that a portion of quoted material has been taken out 表示引用材料的部分被省略："Words are ... our most inexhaustible source of magic."--Albus Dumbledore